Yaadannoo gabaabaa fi kaardii qayyabannaa bilisaa
Afaan Ingiliffaa kutaa 9 Temari irratti kaardii qayyabannaa 27 qaba; boqonnaawwan sirna barnoota biyyaalessaa Itoophiyaatiin qindaa'an. Kaardiin tokkoon tokkoon yeroo seerichi hojjetu, mallattoon isa keessa jiru maal bakka akka bu'u, akkasumas dogoggora barattoonni caalaatti irratti kufan ni ibsa. Bilisaan dubbifamu; herregas hin gaafatan.
Gosa kaardii tokko qofa agarsiisi
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Hima tokko boodarratti mirkaneeffannaa yookiin waliigaltee gaafachuuf tajaajila.
Of eeggadhu
Himni eeyyentaa dabalata hiiyyeentaa fudhata, himni hiiyyeentaa ammoo dabalata eeyyentaa fudhata. 'I am' kan jedhuuf 'aren't I' ta'a malee 'amn't I' hin ta'u.
Grade 9 English, fuula 1-31 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Yeroo ammee salphaan gochoota yeroo hunda raawwataman ibsuuf oola. Yeroo ammee ittifufaan gochoota amma raawwatamaa jiran yookiin karoora fuulduraa ibsuuf oola.
Of eeggadhu
Yeroo ammee salphaa keessatti matimawwan qeenxeen (he, she, it) gochima irratti -s yookiin -es barbaadu, hima hiiyyeentaa keessatti ammoo does not fayyadamu.
Grade 9 English, fuula 1-31 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Gochibsaa | Hiika |
|---|---|
| act out | waan tokko gochaa fi sochii qaamaatiin agarsiisuu |
| act on | odeeffannoo argame irratti hundaa'uun tarkaanfii fudhachuu |
| act up | amala badaa yookiin kan addaa ta'e agarsiisuu |
| add on | dabalachuu |
| add up | ida'ama herregaa hojjechuu |
| aim at | xiyyeeffachuu |
| allow for | karoora yookiin herrega keessatti waan tokko dabaluu |
| allow of | dandeessisuu, hayyamuu |
| back away | duubatti deebi'uu yookiin gara duubatti deemuu |
| back down | falmii keessatti ejjennoo ofii dhiisuu yookiin duubatti jechuu |
| back up | koppii data computer hojjechuu |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Gochima fi walqabsiisaa yookiin xumibsoo walitti makuun hiika murtaa'aa kennuuf gargaara.
Of eeggadhu
Walqabsiisaan itti dabalame hiika gochima bu'uuraa guutummaatti jijjiira.
Grade 9 English, fuula 1-31 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Yaada dabalataa ibsuuf wal-qabsiiftota dabalataa, akkasumas tartiiba taateewwanii sirreessuuf wal-qabsiiftota wal-duraa-duubaa fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Odeeffannoo deeggarsaa itti dabalutti wal-qabsiiftota faallaa akka however yookiin but hin fayyadaminaa.
Grade 9 English, fuula 32-59 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Gochi tokko yeroo meeqa akka raawwatamu ibsuuf dabal-yemoota akka always, usually, often, sometimes, fi never yeroo ammaa keessatti fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Dabal-yemoota irra-deddeebii gochima dura galchaa, garuu gochimoota gargaartotaa fi bifa be booda ta'uu qabu.
Grade 9 English, fuula 32-59 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Gosa Wal-nyaatinsaa | Fakkeenya | Fayyadama |
|---|---|---|
| Adjective + Noun | heavy rain, strong wind, big mistake, rich culture | Cimdiilee uumamaa kan modifier fi noun |
| Verb + Preposition | blow out, break down, break in, break out | Phrasal verbs gochoota murtaa'an ibsan |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Afaanicha haala uumamaatiin dubbachuu fi barreessuuf jechoota yeroo hundumaa walin deeman fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Jechoota afaan biraa irraa kallattiin hin hiikinaa, sababiin isaas ibsitootni murtaa'an maqoota murtaa'an qofa waliin deemu.
Grade 9 English, fuula 32-59 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Hima walqabsiiftotaan yeroo barreessitan ciroolee sirriitti walitti fiduuf seera kana fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Hima xaxamaa keessatti ciroon hirkataan ciroo of danda'aa dura yoo dhufe qoodduu (comma) galchuu hin dagatinaa.
Grade 9 English, fuula 60-85 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Gochima Moodaalaa | Hojii | Fakkeenya |
|---|---|---|
| Can | Dandeettii, heyyama, dhiyeessii | Almaz can swim. |
| Could | Dandeettii darbe, gaaffii kabajaa, carraa ta'uu danda'u | Zeberga could swim when he was four. |
| May / Might | Heyyama, carraa ta'uu danda'u | May I borrow your dictionary? |
| Must | Dirqama, yaada sababaawaa irra ga'uu | Dogs must be kept on a lead. |
| Mustn't | Dhowgaa | You mustn't tell Nisredin. |
| Should / Ought to | Gorsa, yaada sababaawaa irra ga'uu | You should do your homework every day. |
| Shall / Will | Yeroo fuulduraa, yaada dhiyeessuu, dhiyeessii | Shall we begin the meeting tomorrow? |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Dandeettii, heyyama, dirqama, gorsa, yookiin carraa ibsuuf gochimoota moodaalaa fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
mustn't (dhorgaa ibsu) fi don't have to (dirqama ta'uu dhabuu ibsu) walitti hin makin.
Grade 9 English, fuula 60-85 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Gaaffilee dubbataman keessatti sagaleen dhuma irratti ol ka'uu yookiin gad bu'uu isaa murteessuuf seera kana fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Gaaffileen Wh yeroo baay'ee sagalee gad bu'aa qabaatanis, mirkaneeffannaaf yoo ta'e sagalee ol ka'aa qabaatu.
Grade 9 English, fuula 60-85 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Cimdii | Fakkeenya | Akkaataa itti hojjetu |
|---|---|---|
| both...and | She is both kind and helpful. | Kutaalee wal-qixa lama walitti fida. Yeroo subject lama walitti fidu verb yeroo hunda baay'ee ta'a. |
| either...or | You can take either the pen or the pencil. | Lamaan keessaa tokko filachuu kenna. Yoo subject lama jiraatan verb isa dhihoo waliin walsimata. |
| neither...nor | Neither he nor she came. | Lamaanuu ni haqa. Yoo subject lama jiraatan verb isa dhihoo waliin walsimata. |
| not only...but also | He is not only clever but also hardworking. | Yaada lammaffaa dabala. Gama lamaanuu booda jechi gosa wal fakkaatu dhufa. |
| as...as | He is as tall as his brother. | Wantoota wal-qixa ta'an lama wal bira qaba. |
| so...that | He was so tired that he fell asleep. | So adjective yookaan adverb fudhata; that bu'aa isaa fida. |
| such...that | It was such a cold day that we stayed inside. | Such a yookaan an, adjective fi noun fudhata; that bu'aa isaa fida. |
| rather...than | I would rather stay home than go out. | Filannoowwan lama gidduutti wanta caalaatti barbaadamu ibsa. |
| whether...or | Tell me whether you will come or not. | Carraawwan lama dhiheessa. |
| not...but | Not he but his friend did it. | Isa jalqabaa haqee isa lammaffaa ibsa. |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Yeroo himni tokko kutaalee wal-qixa lama walitti qabsiisuu fi walqabsiisaan sun cimdii isaa lamaanuu barbaadu, cimdiiwwan kudhan kanneenitti fayyadami: fakkeenyaaf both Almaz and Kebede yookaan neither he nor she. Cimdiin tokkoon tokkoon isaa waa'ee verb yookaan waa'ee jechoota isa duukaa dhufanii seera mataa isaa qaba, kanaafuu duraan dursii cimdii filadhu, ergasii hima isaa irratti ijaari.
Of eeggadhu
Barattoonni subject lama waan arganiif verb baay'inaan barreessu; "Neither you nor I are wrong" yookaan "Either the teacher or the students is late" jedhu. Either...or fi neither...nor keessatti verb subject fagoo osoo hin taane isa dhihoo waliin walsimata: "Neither you nor I am wrong", "Either the teacher or the students are late". Subject lamaan yoo iddoo wal jijjiirsiiste, verb sunis isaan waliin jijjiirama. Both...and garuu faallaa kanaa yeroo hunda baay'ee dha, kanaafuu "Both John and Jim are here" sababa biraatiin sirrii ta'e. Dogoggorri lammaffaan beekamaan gama lamaan cimdichaa wal-qixa taasisuu dhiisuudha. Gama lamaanuu adjective kaa'ii "He is not only clever but also hardworking" barreessi malee "He not only is clever but also hardworking" hin jedhin.
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Yeroo ammaa salphaa keessatti gaaffii fi himoota lakki ta'an ijaaruuf itti fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Gochima does yookiin doesn't booda gochima ijoo irratti xumura s yookiin es hin dabalinaa.
Grade 9 English, fuula 86-105 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Xalayaa dhuunfaa hiriyoota, maatii yookiin firootaaf barreessuuf itti fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Nagaa gaafachuu dura teessoo ergaa fi guyyaa gubbaatti barreessuu hin dagatinaa.
Grade 9 English, fuula 86-105 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Hima keessatti gochi tokko yeroo meeqa akka raawwatamu ibsuuf itti fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Adverbii sana gochima be booda, gochima ijoo kaan dura kaa'aa.
Grade 9 English, fuula 86-105 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Maxxantuu Fuulduraa | Hiika | Fakkeenya |
|---|---|---|
| ante- | dura, kan dura dhufe | ante-room |
| anti- | mormaa, faallaa | anti-aircraft, antibiotic |
| en- | keessa kaa'uu, irra kaa'uu | enlighten, engulf |
| dis- | haquu, dhabamsiisuu | disagree, disadvantage |
| un- | miti, kan hin taane | unacceptable, unreal |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Maxxantoonni jalqaba jechaa irratti dabaleman akkamitti hiika jechaa akka jijjiiran baruuf kana fayyadamaa.
Grade 9 English, fuula 106-122 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Gochi tokko gara fuulduraatti ta'uu danda'uu fi bu'aa isa ta'uu danda'u ibsuuf itti fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Ciroo if keessatti will hin galchinaa. Ciroon if simple present fudhata, ciroon guddaan immoo will fi gochima bu'uuraa fudhata.
Grade 9 English, fuula 106-122 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Dhugaa saayinsawaa, dhugaa yeroo hunda ta'u fi gochi tokko yeroo hunda isa kan biraa kan fidu yoo ta'e ibsuuf itti fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Ciroowwan lachuu gochima simple present qabaachuu qabu. Ciroon if yoo hima jalqabe qofa komaa fayyadamaa.
Grade 9 English, fuula 106-122 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Haalota amma yookaan gara fuulduraatti ta'uu hin dandeenye yookaan yaadaan yaaddaman ibsuuf itti fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Boocuu if keessatti would hin fayyadaminaa. Boocuu if keessatti darbe salphaa, boocuu guddaa keessatti immoo would fi gochibsa bu'uuraa fayyadamaa.
Grade 9 English, fuula 123-140 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Gochoota darban kanneen hin raawwatamin fi bu'aa isaanii kan hin danda'amne ibsuuf itti fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Boocuu guddaa keessatti would booda have dhiisuu hin qabdan. Boocuu if keessatti had + V3, boocuu guddaa keessatti immoo would have + V3 fayyadamaa.
Grade 9 English, fuula 123-140 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Seerota, dirqama dhuunfaa, dhorkaa yookiin wanta barbaachisaa hin taane ibsuuf gochimoota gargaartuu kanneen fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Must not gocha tokko raawwachuun dhowgaa ta'uu agarsiisa. Do not have to fi need not garuu filannoo ta'uu fi dirqama akka hin taane agarsiisu.
Grade 9 English, fuula 141-159 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Gochima Gaalee | Hiika |
|---|---|
| come across | tasa argachuu |
| come about | ta'uu yookiin uumamuu |
| come apart | caccabee addaan bahuu |
| close off | karaa cufuu |
| drop off | hirriibaan fudhatamuu |
| drop out | hordofuu dhaabuu yookiin addaan kutuu |
| drop in | karoora malee daawwachuu |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Dubbisa hubachuu, hiika jechootaa walitti firoomsuu fi iddoo duwwaa guutuuf gochimaalee jechoota hedduu qaban kanneen fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Hiikni gochima gaalee hiika gochima bu'uuraa qofaa irraa guutumaan guutuutti adda ta'uu danda'a.
Grade 9 English, fuula 141-159 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Yeroo himoota lama walitti qabsiiftu ykn koodhaan maqaa ibsuuf who, which, that, ykn whose fayyadamtu gargaarami.
Of eeggadhu
Ciroo murteessaa (defining) keessatti odeeffannoon barbaachisaa waan ta'eef komaa hin fayyadamin. Ciroo hinmurteessine (non-defining) yeroo hunda komaadhaan adda baasi, akkasumas that hin fayyadamin.
Grade 9 English, fuula 160-179 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Gooroo Jechaa | Hiika |
|---|---|
| drop in | goranii daawwachuu ykn gaafachuu |
| drop out | barnoota ykn gocha addaan kutuu |
| dry out | waan tokko guutummaatti gogsuu |
| come down with | dhukkubaan qabamuu |
| come across | tasa argachuu |
| come up with | yaada maddisiisuu ykn dhiyeessuu |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Yeroo jechoota walxaxaa kutichaa himoota keessatti galchuuf ykn hiika isaanii hubachuuf fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Come across isa tasa argachuu agarsiisu fi come up with isa yaada maddisiisu agarsiisu walitti hin makin.
Grade 9 English, fuula 160-179 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Dalagaa | Namootaaf | Wantootaaf |
|---|---|---|
| Subject (Abbaa gochaa) | who, that | which, that |
| Object (Aantima) | whom, who, that | which, that |
| Possessive (Abbummaa) | whose | whose, of which |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Gabatee kana fayyadamuun maqichi nama moo wanta akka ta'ee fi gahee inni hima keessatti qabu irratti hundaa'ii koodha sirrii filadhu.
Of eeggadhu
Whom namootaaf yeroo gochafamaa ta'an keessattuu dhumarratti tajaajila. Whose ammoo abbummaa namootaa fi wantootaa argisiisa.
Grade 9 English, fuula 160-179 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Phrasal Verb | Hiika |
|---|---|
| count on | irratti hirkachuu yookiin amanuu |
| count up | ida'uu yookiin waliigala shallaguu |
| crack down on | aangoo dabalataatti fayyadamuu yookiin seerota cimsanii hojiirra oolchuu |
| cross off | tarree keessaa haquu yookiin baasuu |
| cut back | omisha yookiin dhiyeessii hir'isuu |
| cut down | hamma xiqqaatti fayyadamuu yookiin hamma hir'isuu |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Hojiiwwan dubbisaa fi jechootaa keessatti gochoota murtaa'an sirriitti ibsuuf phrasal verbs kanneen fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Oomisha ykn baasii hir'isuu (cut back) fi fayyadama ofii hir'isuu (cut down) walitti hin makiin.
Grade 9 English, fuula 180-203 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Gochoota yeroo darbe murtaa'aa keessatti xumuraman ibsuuf simple past fayyadami. Yeroon gochichaa ifatti hin beekamne ykn gochi sun hanga ammaatti kan itti fufu yoo ta'e present perfect fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Yoo hima keessatti ibsituun yeroo darbe kan akka two hours ago ykn yesterday jiraate present perfect hin fayyadamin.
Grade 9 English, fuula 180-203 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Yaada Ibsuu | Yaada Gaafachuu | Waliigaluu | Waliigaluu Dhabuu |
|---|---|---|---|
| Akka natti fakkaatutti... | Waa'ee... maal yaadda? | Walii nan gala. | Walii hin galu! |
| Nan amana... | Waa'ee... yaanni kee maali? | Dhugumatti. | Walii hin galu. |
| Akka yaada kiyyaatti... | Waa'ee... maaltu sitti dhagahama? | Guutummaatti walii nan gala. | Dhiifama wajjin walii hin galu. |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Marii afaanii, falmii fi keeyyata yaadaa barreessuu keessatti yaada gaafachuuf, ibsuuf, akkasumas kabajaan waliigaluu fi mormuu agarsiisuuf gargaara.
Of eeggadhu
Marii keessatti yeroo yaada mormitu haala miira namaa hin miineen jechoota kabajaa fayyadami.
Grade 9 English, fuula 204 irraa eegalee irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Bifa Yeroo | Eeyyee | Lakki | Gaaffii |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simple Past | Kaleessa basketball taphadhe. | Kaleessa basketball hin taphanne. | Kaleessa basketball taphadhee? |
| Past Progressive | Galgala guutuu basketball taphachaan ture. | Galgala guutuu basketball taphachaa hin turre. | Galgala guutuu basketball taphachaan turee? |
| Present Perfect | Basketball taphadheera. | Basketball hin taphanne. | Basketball taphadheeraa? |
| Present Perfect Continuous | Sa'aatii sadiif basketball taphachaan tureera. | Sa'aatii sadiif basketball taphachaa hin turre. | Sa'aatii sadiif basketball taphachaan tureeraa? |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Gabatee kanatti fayyadamuun himoota yeroo darbe, darbe ittifufe, amma raawwate fi amma raawwatee ittifufe keessatti bifa eeyyee, lakki fi gaaffii ijaari.
Of eeggadhu
Hima lakkee fi gaaffii yeroo darbe keessatti gochima duraa fayyadami malee bifa darbe did yookiin didn't booda hin galchin.
Grade 9 English, fuula 204 irraa eegalee irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Qormaanni waan kutaan gadii barsiise gaafachuu hin dhiisu. Kaardiiwwan kutaawwan sanaas as jiru.
Kutaa kana keessaa wanti hanga ammaatti kaardii qabu hundi.
Temari kaardiiwwan kana gara gaaffii shaakalaatti jijjiira; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa; wanti si hin galinis barsiisaa AI tiin ni ibsama.
Bilisaan jalqabi