What do the Grade 7 General Science cards cover?

19 cards across 7 chapters of the national textbook: Basic Concepts of Science, Matter in Our Surrounding, Elements, Compound and Chemical Reaction, Cell as the Basis of Life, Living Things and Their Diversity, Earth in Space and Motion, Force, Energy And Resources. You can take any chapter one card at a time on the page itself.

Is there a national exam in Grade 7?

No. Ethiopia sets national exams in Grade 6, Grade 8 and Grade 12 only. These cards are for your school's own exams, and for the national exam that comes a few years later.

Where do these cards come from?

They are drafted from Grade 7 General Science, the Ministry of Education textbook for this grade. A second pass that cannot see the chapter then re-derives every formula, constant and table row, and anything it cannot confirm is held back instead of published.

Yes. Every card here is free to read and the printable sheet is free to download. Neither needs an account.

When was this last checked?

6 September 2026. Cards arrive chapter by chapter, and the line under each one says when that card was last read through.

Free short notes and revision cards

Grade 7 General Science

Grade 7 General Science on Temari has 19 revision cards, arranged by the chapters of the Ethiopian national curriculum. Every card says when the rule applies, what each symbol in it stands for, and the mistake students most often make with it. They are free to read and need no account.

19
Cards: 7
Chapters: 2
Formulas: 9
Reference tables: Grade 7 General Science
Textbook: Free
Price: 6 September 2026
Last checked

Everything19Reference table9Common mistake4Rule3Formula2Method1

Basic Concepts of Science

Common Laboratory ApparatusReference tableTriple-beam balance · Graduated cylinder · Thermometer · +5

Equipment	Main Use
Triple-beam balance	Measuring the mass of an object
Graduated cylinder	Measuring liquid volume accurately in milliliters
Thermometer	Measuring temperature
Bunsen burner	Heating flame safe contents
Petri dish	Growing and counting bacteria cultures
Tongs	Transporting hot beakers and crucible lids
Test tubes	Holding small amounts of liquids for mixing or heating
Beaker	Holding and heating liquids

When you use it

Use when selecting the correct laboratory equipment to measure, hold, heat, or culture scientific samples.

Watch out

Do not use beakers or test tubes for accurate liquid volume measurements. Always choose a graduated cylinder.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 1-20, then checked twice before it went up

Ethiopian Scientists and DiscoveriesReference tableDr. Aklilu Lemma · Prof. Yalemtsehay Mekonnen · Dr. Tewolde Berhan Gebre Egziabher · +1

Ethiopian Scientist	Scientific Contribution
Dr. Aklilu Lemma	Discovered endod berries as a molluscicide to treat schistosomiasis
Prof. Yalemtsehay Mekonnen	Researched human physiology, pesticide impacts, and medicinal plants
Dr. Tewolde Berhan Gebre Egziabher	Protected biodiversity and community genetic resource rights
Prof. Gebisa Ejeta	Bred high-yielding, drought-resistant sorghum strains

When you use it

Use when reviewing notable Ethiopian scientists and their specific contributions to health, agriculture, and ecology.

Watch out

Link each scientist correctly to their specific discovery, particularly Dr. Aklilu Lemma with endod and Prof. Gebisa Ejeta with sorghum.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 1-20, then checked twice before it went up

Matter in Our Surrounding

Density FormulaFormula

\rho = \frac{m}{V}

\rho = \frac{m}{V}

$\rho$: density $kg\,m^{-3}$
$m$: mass $kg$
$V$: volume $m^3$

When you use it

Use this formula to calculate the density, mass, or volume of a sample of matter.

Watch out

Units must match. If mass is in grams and volume in cubic centimeters, density is in grams per cubic centimeter, not kilograms per cubic meter.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 21-68, then checked twice before it went up

Element, compound and mixture comparedReference tableElement · Compound · Mixture

Type	What it is made of	How it is broken down or separated	Example
Element	One kind of atom only.	Cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by any chemical method.	$\text{Cu}$
Compound	Two or more different elements chemically joined in a fixed ratio by mass. It has properties of its own, nothing like the elements it came from.	Broken down into its elements only by a chemical method, such as passing electricity through water to give hydrogen and oxygen. No physical method will do it.	$\text{H}_2\text{O}$
Mixture	Two or more substances put together physically in any proportion, with no chemical bond between them. Everything in it keeps its own properties.	Separated by physical methods: filtration, evaporation, distillation or a magnet.	air

When you use it

Reach for this when a question asks you to sort a substance into element, compound or mixture, or asks how you would break it apart. Ask one thing first: are the parts chemically joined, or only put together?

Watch out

Students see the small 2 in $\text{O}_2$ and call it a compound. A compound needs two or more different elements, and $\text{O}_2$ is two atoms of the same element, so oxygen gas is still an element, while $\text{H}_2\text{O}$ , with two different elements, is a compound. The slip runs the other way with salt water: it looks like one clear liquid, so it gets called a compound, but boil the water off and the salt comes back unchanged, and you can make it as salty or as weak as you like, so it is a mixture.

The three states of matter comparedReference tableSolid · Liquid · Gas

State	Shape	Volume	How the particles behave
Solid	Definite shape.	Definite volume.	Tightly packed, and they only vibrate about fixed positions. A solid can hardly be squeezed at all.
Liquid	No definite shape. It takes the shape of its container up to its own level.	Definite volume.	Close together, but they slide past one another. A liquid can hardly be squeezed at all.
Gas	No definite shape. It spreads out until it fills the whole container.	No definite volume.	Far apart, and they move freely and quickly. The empty space between them lets a gas be squeezed into a smaller volume.

When you use it

Reach for this when a question describes a substance and asks which of the three everyday states it is in, solid, liquid or gas, or asks what changes when ice melts and then boils. Plasma is a fourth state, and it comes later.

Watch out

Students mix up shape and volume, and answer that a liquid has no definite volume because they have just watched it change shape. Pour 250 mL of water from a beaker into a round flask: the shape changes, the 250 mL does not. A gas is the one that has neither. It does not sit at the bottom of its container the way a liquid does. It spreads until it fills every corner, so a liquid has a surface you can see and a gas has none.

Elements, Compound and Chemical Reaction

Balancing Equations by Changing SubscriptsCommon mistake

When you use it

Use when balancing chemical equations to satisfy the law of conservation of mass.

Watch out

Never change or add subscripts in a formula to balance an equation, because changing subscripts alters the chemical identity of the substance. Only change the coefficients in front of formulas.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 69-95, then checked twice before it went up

Criss-Cross Method for Chemical FormulasMethod

When you use it

Use to write the correct chemical formula of a binary compound or a compound with polyatomic ions from elemental valences.

Watch out

If a polyatomic ion takes a subscript greater than 1, you must enclose the polyatomic ion in brackets before writing the subscript, such as (NH4)2SO4.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 69-95, then checked twice before it went up

Elements with Latin-Derived SymbolsReference tableSodium · Potassium · Iron · +6

Element name	Latin name	Chemical symbol
Sodium	Natrium	Na
Potassium	Kalium	K
Iron	Ferrum	Fe
Copper	Cuprum	Cu
Silver	Argentum	Ag
Gold	Aurum	Au
Lead	Plumbum	Pb
Tin	Stannum	Sn
Mercury	Hydrargyrum	Hg

When you use it

Use when identifying or writing the chemical symbols of elements whose symbols do not match their common English names.

Watch out

Always write the first letter in uppercase and the second letter in lowercase. Writing NA or CL instead of Na or Cl is incorrect.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 69-95, then checked twice before it went up

Valences of Common Polyatomic IonsReference tableAmmonium · Hydroxide · Nitrate · +5

Polyatomic ion	Formula	Valence
Ammonium	$\text{NH}_4^+$	1
Hydroxide	$\text{OH}^-$	1
Nitrate	$\text{NO}_3^-$	1
Hydrogen carbonate	$\text{HCO}_3^-$	1
Sulfate	$\text{SO}_4^{2-}$	2
Carbonate	$\text{CO}_3^{2-}$	2
Sulfite	$\text{SO}_3^{2-}$	2
Phosphate	$\text{PO}_4^{3-}$	3

When you use it

Use when determining combining power to write chemical formulas for compounds containing polyatomic ions.

Watch out

The valence number equals the magnitude of the electrical charge, without including the positive or negative sign.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 69-95, then checked twice before it went up

Cell as the Basis of Life

Coarse Adjustment on High Power ObjectiveCommon mistake

When you use it

Use this operating rule when detailing procedures for viewing specimens under microscope objectives.

Watch out

Never use the coarse adjustment knob under high power objective lenses. It moves the stage too rapidly, risking glass slide breakage and lens scratching. Use only the fine adjustment knob.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 96-134, then checked twice before it went up

Respiration and Photosynthesis Chemical ReactionsRule

When you use it

Use these equations to identify the reactants and products of cellular energy release and plant food synthesis.

Watch out

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and breaks glucose down into carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight in chlorophyll to make glucose and oxygen.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 96-134, then checked twice before it went up

Total Magnification of Compound MicroscopeFormula

\text{TMM} = M_{\text{ocular}} \times M_{\text{objective}}

\text{TMM} = M_{\text{ocular}} \times M_{\text{objective}}

$\text{TMM}$: Total magnification of compound microscope $\text{dimensionless}$
$M_{\text{ocular}}$: Magnification of ocular lens $\text{dimensionless}$
$M_{\text{objective}}$: Magnification of objective lens $\text{dimensionless}$

When you use it

Use this to calculate total image enlargement produced by the combination of the eyepiece and an objective lens.

Watch out

Multiply the two magnifications together. Never add them.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 96-134, then checked twice before it went up

Living Things and Their Diversity

Classes of VertebratesReference tableFish · Amphibians · Reptiles · +2

Class	Body Temperature	Gas Exchange	Skin Covering	Fertilization & Eggs	Examples
Fish	Poikilothermic	Gills	Wet scales	External, soft eggs in water	Shark, Rays, Tilapia
Amphibians	Poikilothermic	Lungs and moist skin	Moist, naked skin	External, jelly-covered eggs in water	Frogs, Toads
Reptiles	Poikilothermic	Lungs	Dry skin with scales	Internal, leathery waterproof eggs on land	Lizards, Snakes, Crocodiles
Birds	Homoeothermic	Lungs	Feathers, scales on legs	Internal, hard-shelled eggs on land	Pigeons, Ducks, Eagles
Mammals	Homoeothermic	Lungs	Hair or fur	Internal, live young fed with milk	Humans, Cows, Sheep, Whales

When you use it

Use when identifying or comparing the five vertebrate classes by body covering, thermoregulation, and reproduction.

Watch out

Whales and bats are mammals, not fish or birds, because they are warm-blooded and nurse their young with milk from mammary glands.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 135-167, then checked twice before it went up

Major Plant DivisionsReference tableBryophytes · Pteridophytes · Gymnosperms · +1

Division	Vascular Tissue	Seeds	Flowers or Cones	Examples
Bryophytes	Absent (non-vascular)	Seedless (spores)	None	Mosses, Liverworts, Hornworts
Pteridophytes	Present (vascular)	Seedless (spores)	None	Ferns
Gymnosperms	Present (vascular)	Naked seeds	Cones	Pines, Junipers, Yews
Angiosperms	Present (vascular)	Seeds enclosed in fruit	Flowers	Teff, Beans, Maize, Oranges

When you use it

Use when distinguishing plant groups based on the presence of vascular tissues, spore or seed reproduction, and flowers or cones.

Watch out

Ferns have vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) but do not make seeds, they reproduce using spores found under their fronds.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 135-167, then checked twice before it went up

Taxonomic Hierarchy and Binomial NamingRule

When you use it

Use when arranging biological classification ranks from broadest to most specific, or when formatting scientific names.

Watch out

The hierarchy order is Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. Capitalize only the genus name and write the species name in lower case, with both words italicized or underlined.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 135-167, then checked twice before it went up

The Five Kingdoms of LifeReference tableMonera · Protista · Fungi · +2

Kingdom	Cell Type	Cell Wall	Nutrition	Examples
Monera	Prokaryotic, unicellular	Peptidoglycan	Autotrophic or heterotrophic	Bacteria, Cyanobacteria
Protista	Eukaryotic, mostly unicellular	Present in some, absent in others	Autotrophic (algae) or heterotrophic (protozoa)	Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena
Fungi	Eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular	Chitin	Heterotrophic (saprophytic or parasitic)	Yeast, Mushroom, Mold
Plantae	Eukaryotic, multicellular	Cellulose	Autotrophic (photosynthetic)	Mosses, Ferns, Conifers, Flowering plants
Animalia	Eukaryotic, multicellular	Absent	Heterotrophic	Insects, Worms, Fish, Frogs, Birds, Mammals

When you use it

Use when identifying or comparing the fundamental cell structures, cell walls, and nutrition modes across the five kingdoms.

Watch out

Fungi store carbon as glycogen and have chitin cell walls, not cellulose, and they are heterotrophic, not photosynthetic.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 135-167, then checked twice before it went up

Earth in Space

Cause of Earth SeasonsCommon mistake

When you use it

Use when explaining what causes summer, winter, and changing seasons on Earth.

Watch out

Distance to the Sun does NOT cause seasons. Earth is actually closest to the Sun in January (perihelion). Seasons are caused by the 23.5 degree tilt of Earth's axis as it revolves around the Sun.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, pages 168-198, then checked twice before it went up

Motion, Force, Energy And Resources

Effects of Force on MassCommon mistake

When you use it

Use when evaluating the possible effects that an applied force produces on a body.

Watch out

A force can start motion, stop motion, change speed, change direction, or deform an object, but it NEVER changes the mass of the object.

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, page 199 onwards, then checked twice before it went up

The Three Rs StrategyRule

When you use it

Use when recalling actions to conserve energy and reduce environmental degradation.

Watch out

Do not confuse Reuse (using an item multiple times as it is) with Recycle (processing waste materials into new usable products).

Drafted from Grade 7 General Science, page 199 onwards, then checked twice before it went up

The same subject in other years

An exam paper keeps asking for what the year below taught. Those cards are here too.

Grade 819 cards

Your other Grade 7 subjects

Everything else in this year that has cards so far.

Questions students ask

What do the Grade 7 General Science cards cover?: 19 cards across 7 chapters of the national textbook: Basic Concepts of Science, Matter in Our Surrounding, Elements, Compound and Chemical Reaction, Cell as the Basis of Life, Living Things and Their Diversity, Earth in Space and Motion, Force, Energy And Resources. You can take any chapter one card at a time on the page itself.
Is there a national exam in Grade 7?: No. Ethiopia sets national exams in Grade 6, Grade 8 and Grade 12 only. These cards are for your school's own exams, and for the national exam that comes a few years later.
Where do these cards come from?: They are drafted from Grade 7 General Science, the Ministry of Education textbook for this grade. A second pass that cannot see the chapter then re-derives every formula, constant and table row, and anything it cannot confirm is held back instead of published.
Is this free?: Yes. Every card here is free to read and the printable sheet is free to download. Neither needs an account.
When was this last checked?: 6 September 2026. Cards arrive chapter by chapter, and the line under each one says when that card was last read through.

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